![]() Problem gambling has become a major public health concern, with psychosocial and mental health consequences. At the same, it is worth taking into account and adapting foreign experience to Russian conditions. This suggests a conclusion about the need for a compromise between society, government bodies and business when organizing these zones in the Russian Federation. ![]() In Russia, non-Islamic Asia (Orthodoxy, world oriental religions), measures have been taken to restrict the gambling business - it is allowed only in specially designated areas - gambling zones. In the monarchies of the East, gambling is allowed for foreigners, but the local population is prohibited from playing. In countries belonging to the orbit of the Anglo-Saxon world (the vast majority of countries in America, Africa, Europe, Australia and Oceania), gambling is allowed everywhere, with some restrictions. In countries where Islam is the dominant religion, gambling is, as a rule, prohibited (although betting on races and dog fights is allowed). As a result of the study, it was revealed that the states on this issue are divided according to civilization. It is noted that this process (prohibition, restriction or widespread permission) is primarily influenced by the cultural characteristics of the population, which translates into the attitude of the authorities and administration in certain states towards the gambling business. The features of the organization and spatial placement of gambling zones in various countries of the world are considered. A scale that measures stigma related to gambling behaviour will provide researchers, policymakers, industry bodies, and clinicians with a tool that contributes to a growing understanding of the gambling experiences of individuals and the impacts of gambling on communities. The scales were shown to have strong psychometric properties and to differentiate well between stigmas associated with recreational and problem gambling behaviours. Results supported a model of perceived stigma along two dimensions (Contempt and Ostracism) and a unidimensional model of experienced stigma. ![]() ![]() Internal reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multivariate analysis were used to analyse the results and to explore the measurement of perceived and self-stigma in a community sample, taking into account respondents' gambling experience and relevant socio-demographic information. The scales were then validated by using a large representative community sample (N = 1366). We reviewed existing measures of stigma associated with other non-gambling behaviours (e.g., alcohol, drug abuse, smoking, eating disorders) to construct items that were conceptually related to gambling behaviour. This project investigated both internally experienced and externalised (perceived) stigma associated with gambling, as measured with two new survey instruments were developed for this purpose. To date, no validated tool is available to assess the stigma associated with gambling. Australian research shows that stigma is a major barrier to treatment seeking (Rockloff, 2004) and may impede the accurate measurement of problem gambling prevalence. ![]()
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